Deploying a Kubernetes-Based Media Server

This is the setup I use to run a full media automation stack on my Kubernetes cluster. It covers Jellyfin for streaming, Radarr and Sonarr for media management, Prowlarr for indexers, qBittorrent for downloads, and Gluetun for VPN tunneling. Config lives on Longhorn; media is stored on a Synology NAS DS223 mounted via NFS 4.1 as a PersistentVolume.

Components

Application	Role
Jellyfin	Media streaming
Radarr	Movie library management
Sonarr	TV show management
Prowlarr	Torrent indexer manager
qBittorrent	Download client
Gluetun	VPN sidecar for qBittorrent

Synology NAS NFS Setup

If you’re using a Synology NAS, this is the NFS share rule I use — applied before mounting on the Kubernetes side.

NFS rule configuration on Synology NAS

PersistentVolumes and PVCs

Media Storage

Create nfs-media-pv-and-pvc.yaml:

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apiVersion: v1
2
kind: PersistentVolume
3
metadata:
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  name: jellyfin-videos
5
spec:
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  capacity:
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    storage: 400Gi
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  accessModes:
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    - ReadWriteOnce
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  nfs:
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    path: /volume1/server/k3s/media
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    server: storage.merox.cloud
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  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
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  mountOptions:
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    - hard
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    - nfsvers=4.1
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  storageClassName: ""
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
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metadata:
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  name: jellyfin-videos
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  namespace: media
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spec:
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  accessModes:
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    - ReadWriteOnce
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  resources:
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    requests:
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      storage: 400Gi
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  volumeName: jellyfin-videos
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  storageClassName: ""

kubectl apply -f nfs-media-pv-and-pvc.yaml

Download Storage

Create nfs-download-pv-and-pvc.yaml:

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apiVersion: v1
2
kind: PersistentVolume
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metadata:
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  name: qbitt-download
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spec:
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  capacity:
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    storage: 400Gi
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  accessModes:
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    - ReadWriteOnce
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  nfs:
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    path: /volume1/server/k3s/media/download
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    server: storage.merox.cloud
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  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
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  mountOptions:
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    - hard
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    - nfsvers=4.1
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  storageClassName: ""
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
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metadata:
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  name: qbitt-download
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  namespace: media
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spec:
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  accessModes:
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    - ReadWriteOnce
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  resources:
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    requests:
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      storage: 400Gi
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  volumeName: qbitt-download
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  storageClassName: ""

kubectl apply -f nfs-download-pv-and-pvc.yaml

Longhorn PVC for App Configs

Create app-config-pvc.yaml (repeat for each app):

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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
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metadata:
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  name: app # radarr for example
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  namespace: media
6
spec:
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  accessModes:
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    - ReadWriteOnce
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  storageClassName: longhorn
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  resources:
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    requests:
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      storage: 5Gi

kubectl apply -f app-config-pvc.yaml

Danger

You need a separate PVC for each application: Jellyfin, Sonarr, Radarr, Prowlarr, and qBittorrent.

Deployments

Jellyfin

Create jellyfin-deployment.yaml:

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apiVersion: apps/v1
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kind: Deployment
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metadata:
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  name: jellyfin
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  namespace: media
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spec:
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  replicas: 1
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  selector:
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    matchLabels:
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      app: jellyfin
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  template:
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    metadata:
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      labels:
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        app: jellyfin
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    spec:
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      containers:
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      - name: jellyfin
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        image: jellyfin/jellyfin
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        volumeMounts:
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        - name: config
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          mountPath: /config
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        - name: videos
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          mountPath: /data/videos
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        ports:
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        - containerPort: 8096
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      volumes:
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      - name: config
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: jellyfin-config
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      - name: videos
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: jellyfin-videos

kubectl apply -f jellyfin-deployment.yaml

Sonarr

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apiVersion: apps/v1
2
kind: Deployment
3
metadata:
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  name: sonarr
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  namespace: media
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spec:
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  replicas: 1
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  selector:
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    matchLabels:
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      app: sonarr
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  template:
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    metadata:
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      labels:
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        app: sonarr
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    spec:
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      containers:
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      - name: sonarr
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        image: lscr.io/linuxserver/sonarr
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        env:
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        - name: PUID
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          value: "1057"
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        - name: PGID
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          value: "1056"
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        volumeMounts:
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        - name: config
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          mountPath: /config
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        - name: videos
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          mountPath: /tv
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        - name: downloads
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          mountPath: /downloads
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        ports:
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        - containerPort: 8989
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      volumes:
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      - name: config
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: sonarr-config
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      - name: videos
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: jellyfin-videos
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      - name: downloads
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: qbitt-download

Radarr

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apiVersion: apps/v1
2
kind: Deployment
3
metadata:
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  name: radarr
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  namespace: media
6
spec:
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  replicas: 1
8
  selector:
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    matchLabels:
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      app: radarr
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  template:
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    metadata:
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      labels:
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        app: radarr
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    spec:
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      containers:
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      - name: radarr
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        image: lscr.io/linuxserver/radarr
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        env:
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        - name: PUID
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          value: "1057"
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        - name: PGID
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          value: "1056"
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        volumeMounts:
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        - name: config
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          mountPath: /config
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        - name: videos
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          mountPath: /movies
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        - name: downloads
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          mountPath: /downloads
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        ports:
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        - containerPort: 7878
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      volumes:
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      - name: config
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: radarr-config
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      - name: videos
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: jellyfin-videos
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      - name: downloads
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: qbitt-download

Prowlarr

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apiVersion: apps/v1
2
kind: Deployment
3
metadata:
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  name: prowlarr
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  namespace: media
6
spec:
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  replicas: 1
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  selector:
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    matchLabels:
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      app: prowlarr
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  template:
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    metadata:
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      labels:
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        app: prowlarr
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    spec:
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      containers:
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      - name: prowlarr
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        image: lscr.io/linuxserver/prowlarr
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        env:
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        - name: PUID
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          value: "1057"
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        - name: PGID
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          value: "1056"
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        volumeMounts:
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        - name: config
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          mountPath: /config
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        ports:
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        - containerPort: 9696
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      volumes:
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      - name: config
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: prowlarr-config

qBittorrent (standalone)

Warning

qBittorrent v5 renamed the API endpoints /torrents/pause and /torrents/resume to /torrents/stop and /torrents/start. If you use any scripts or integrations that call the qBittorrent API directly, update them before upgrading from v4.

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apiVersion: apps/v1
2
kind: Deployment
3
metadata:
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  name: qbittorrent
5
  namespace: media
6
spec:
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  replicas: 1
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  selector:
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    matchLabels:
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      app: qbittorrent
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  template:
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    metadata:
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      labels:
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        app: qbittorrent
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    spec:
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      containers:
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      - name: qbittorrent
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        image: lscr.io/linuxserver/qbittorrent
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        resources:
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          limits:
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            memory: "2Gi"
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          requests:
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            memory: "512Mi"
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        env:
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        - name: PUID
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          value: "1057"
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        - name: PGID
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          value: "1056"
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        volumeMounts:
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        - name: config
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          mountPath: /config
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        - name: downloads
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          mountPath: /downloads
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        ports:
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        - containerPort: 8080
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      volumes:
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      - name: config
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: qbitt-config
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      - name: downloads
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        persistentVolumeClaim:
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          claimName: qbitt-download

qBittorrent with Gluetun

If you want to route qBittorrent traffic through a VPN, use this version instead — Gluetun runs as a sidecar and shares the network namespace.

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apiVersion: apps/v1
2
kind: Deployment
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metadata:
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  name: qbittorrent
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  namespace: media
6
spec:
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  replicas: 1
8
  selector:
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    matchLabels:
10
      app: qbittorrent
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  template:
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    metadata:
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      labels:
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        app: qbittorrent
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    spec:
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      containers:
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        - name: qbittorrent
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          image: lscr.io/linuxserver/qbittorrent
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          resources:
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            limits:
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              memory: "2Gi"
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            requests:
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              memory: "512Mi"
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          env:
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           - name: PUID
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             value: "1057"
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           - name: PGID
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             value: "1056"
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          volumeMounts:
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            - name: config
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              mountPath: /config
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            - name: downloads
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              mountPath: /downloads
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          ports:
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            - containerPort: 8080
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        - name: gluetun
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          image: ghcr.io/qdm12/gluetun:v3.40.0
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          env:
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            - name: VPN_SERVICE_PROVIDER
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              value: "surfshark"
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            - name: VPN_TYPE
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              value: "wireguard"
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            - name: SERVER_COUNTRIES
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              value: "Netherlands"
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            - name: WIREGUARD_ADDRESSES
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              value: "10.14.0.2/16"  # from SurfShark WireGuard config — Address field
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            - name: FIREWALL_INPUT_PORTS
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              value: "50413,8080"  # torrent port + web UI port
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            - name: FIREWALL_OUTBOUND_SUBNETS
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              value: "10.0.0.0/8"
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            - name: DNS_KEEP_NAMESERVER
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              value: "on"
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            - name: DOT
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              value: "off"
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            - name: WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY
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              valueFrom:
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                secretKeyRef:
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                  name: surfshark-secret
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                  key: WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY
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          securityContext:
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            capabilities:
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              add:
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                - NET_ADMIN
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          volumeMounts:
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            - name: tun
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              mountPath: /dev/net/tun
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      volumes:
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        - name: config
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          persistentVolumeClaim:
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            claimName: qbitt-config
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        - name: downloads
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          persistentVolumeClaim:
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            claimName: qbitt-download
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        - name: tun
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          hostPath:
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            path: /dev/net/tun

Note

I use SurfShark with WireGuard — faster than OpenVPN and natively supported by Gluetun. Generate your WireGuard key from the SurfShark dashboard under VPN → Manual Setup → WireGuard. Note: SurfShark does not support port forwarding, so peers cannot initiate inbound connections — downloads still work fine but may be slower without seeding peers.

ClusterIP Services

Each app needs a ClusterIP service so Traefik can route to it internally. Create app-service.yaml per application:

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apiVersion: v1
2
kind: Service
3
metadata:
4
  name: app # radarr for example
5
  namespace: media
6
spec:
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  type: ClusterIP
8
  ports:
9
    - port: 80
10
      targetPort: 7878
11
  selector:
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    app: app # radarr for example

kubectl apply -f app-service.yaml

Traefik Middleware

Create default-headers-media.yaml:

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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
2
kind: Middleware
3
metadata:
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  name: default-headers-media
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  namespace: media
6
spec:
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  headers:
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    browserXssFilter: true
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    contentTypeNosniff: true
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    forceSTSHeader: true
11
    stsIncludeSubdomains: true
12
    stsPreload: true
13
    stsSeconds: 15552000
14
    customFrameOptionsValue: SAMEORIGIN
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    customRequestHeaders:
16
      X-Forwarded-Proto: https

kubectl apply -f default-headers-media.yaml

IngressRoutes

Create app-ingress-route.yaml per application:

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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
2
kind: IngressRoute
3
metadata:
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  name: app # radarr for example
5
  namespace: media
6
  annotations:
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    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik-external
8
spec:
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  entryPoints:
10
    - websecure
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  routes:
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    - match: Host(`movies.merox.cloud`) # change to your domain
13
      kind: Rule
14
      services:
15
        - name: app # radarr for example
16
          port: 80
17
    - match: Host(`movies.merox.cloud`) # change to your domain
18
      kind: Rule
19
      services:
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        - name: app # radarr for example
21
          port: 80
22
      middlewares:
23
        - name: default-headers-media
24
  tls:
25
    secretName: mycert-tls # change to your cert name

kubectl apply -f app-ingress-route.yaml

Danger

Add the hostname declared in your IngressRoute to your DNS server before applying.

Manifest Files

All manifests are available here — copy and deploy what you need:

All manifest files 🔗